ABSTRACT
We studied the neutrophils and monocytes obtained from 37 patients with various inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis, acute infectious process in the abdominal cavity (acute appendicitis/abscess of the abdominal cavity, and acute cholecystitis), acute pancreatitis, and post-COVID syndrome after mild COVID infection. The number and the morphological structure of neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) as well as the effect of IgG on NET were examined. NET were visualized and counted by fluorescence microscopy with fluorescent dye SYBR Green. All the studied types of inflammation were accompanied by spontaneous formation of NET. After application of IgG, the number of NET doubled, their size increased, and transformation of net-like traps into the cloud forms was observed. The clouds form structure of the network is not capable of capturing pathogens with subsequent retraction, the products of its enzymatic degradation can be the factors of secondary alteration. The study results demonstrate a previously unknown mechanism of infection resistance.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Extracellular Traps , Pancreatitis , Humans , Extracellular Traps/metabolism , Acute Disease , Pancreatitis/metabolism , COVID-19/metabolism , Neutrophils/metabolism , Immunoglobulin G/metabolismABSTRACT
Post-COVID syndrome (long covid, post COVID-19 condition) is characterized by cognitive and mental disorders, chest and joint pain, impaired sense of smell and taste, as well as by gastrointestinal and cardiac disorders. The diagnosis of post-COVID syndrome is based mainly on the patients' complaints. To date, no optimal diagnostic method has been proposed. The study was aimed to compare the informative value of the indicators obtained during conventional assessment of patients with post-COVID syndrome and the blood levels of neutrophil (NETs) and monocyte (METs) extracellular traps. The study involved neutropils and monocytes collected from 21 patients with post-COVID syndrome aged 18-59. Fluorescence microscopy and the SYBR Green (Evrogen) fluorescent dye for double-stranded DNA were used for enumeration and imaging of extracellular traps. Clinical and laboratory indicators make it impossible to identify the changes specific for post-COVID syndrome. At the same time, post-COVID syndrome is characterized by inflammation in the vascular endothelium. The filamentous forms of NETs found in blood are a laboratory feature of such aseptic inflammation. The filamentous forms of NETs have been detected only in those patients who have a history of mild to severe COVID-19, while the filamentous forms of METs have been found in patients having a history of severe infection. The findings show that the detection of the filamentous forms of NETs and METs in blood is the most informative diagnostic feature of post-COVID syndrome.
ABSTRACT
Objective. To describe COVID-19 influence on gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) exacerbation using clinical case. Main points. COVID-19 infection remains an urgent problem for modern medicine due to its high contagiousness and rapid dis-tribution among the working population. We presented a clinical case of a 49-year-old female patient with respiratory complaints and extraesophageal manifestations of GERD. Conclusion. This clinical case showed that clinicians should consider various mechanisms of respiratory symptoms, which becomes exceptionally relevant during the COVID-19 pandemic. The development of atypical symptoms in a patient of working age without concomitant pathology causes difficulties in early diagnosis and timely treatment, in contrast to comorbid elderly and senile patients. Several mechanisms led to an exacerbation of GERD with the development of wheezing. Therefore, a clinician should meticulously take a medical history, form a trusting relationship with a patient, detect and correct early signs of anxiety and depression with a multidisciplinary team.Copyright © 2021, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia of infancy (NEHI) is a rare interstitial lung disease in children. The clinical features of the disease are characterized by tachypnea, moist rales/crepitus, retraction of compliant chest areas and delayed weight gain. The disease is diagnosed using the NEHI clinical scale coupled with the computed tomography of the chest organs. The clinical manifestations of NEHI regress as the child grows, but may persist up to the age of 10 y/o. The purpose of the research was to characterize the course of NEHI including the features of COVID-19 and the impact of passive smoking in children below the age of 8 y/o. Material(s) and Method(s): a single-center longitudinal study with follow-up observation of 29 patients with NEHI in January 2012 - December 2022 aged 8 months to 8 years old, 21 of which had COVID-19. Result(s): 20 of 29 patients with a known follow-up have undergone the long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) at home lasting from 2 weeks up to 5.5 years (Me 1 year and 2 months;IQR 6 months - 4.5 years). Bronchial asthma was diagnosed in 2. 8 (28%) were diagnosed with atopic dermatitis, 6 (21%) with mental retardation, 3 (10%) with acute urticaria, and 2 (7%) with allergic rhinitis. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) was diagnosed in 7, all requiring LTOT. The frequency of episodes of respiratory infection was maximum in the first 2 years of life, amounting to 16 episodes per 2 years (Me 7;IQR 4 to 10), and the maximum frequency of hospitalizations during this age period was 5 (Me 2;IQR 1 to 2). Children-passive smokers were diagnosed with malnutrition more often (75%, p=0.449) and required LTOT more often (75%, p=0.694), were more often hospitalized (42%, p=0.422). Despite the possible need for LTOT patients with NEHI had COVID-19 in the form of nasopharyngitis in the majority of cases (89%). Only 8 out of 14 patients had symptoms of NEHI after 5 years of age, and only 1 out of 5 after 7 years. Malnutrition (body mass index for the age<-2) in the first year of life was diagnosed in 13 (45%) children. Malnutrition persisted in 9 out of 24 (37%) by the second year of life, in 5 out of 19 (26%) by the third year, and in 2 out of 14 (14%) by the fourth year of life. Not a single child died. Conclusion(s): the course of NEHI is characterized by the absence of lethal outcomes, frequent respiratory infections that led to hospitalizations in the first 2 years of life, mild course of COVID-19, regression of clinical symptoms and malnutrition as the child grows, comorbidity with atopic diseases and GERD. The priority should be given to the prevention of passive smoking in children with NEHI.Copyright © 2023, Pediatria Ltd. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Post-COVID syndrome (long covid, post COVID-19 condition) is characterized by cognitive and mental disorders, chest and joint pain, impaired sense of smell and taste, as well as by gastrointestinal and cardiac disorders. The diagnosis of post-COVID syndrome is based mainly on the patients' complaints. To date, no optimal diagnostic method has been proposed. The study was aimed to compare the informative value of the indicators obtained during conventional assessment of patients with post-COVID syndrome and the blood levels of neutrophil (NETs) and monocyte (METs) extracellular traps. The study involved neutropils and monocytes collected from 21 patients with post-COVID syndrome aged 18-59. Fluorescence microscopy and the SYBR Green (Evrogen) fluorescent dye for double-stranded DNA were used for enumeration and imaging of extracellular traps. Clinical and laboratory indicators make it impossible to identify the changes specific for post-COVID syndrome. At the same time, post-COVID syndrome is characterized by inflammation in the vascular endothelium. The filamentous forms of NETs found in blood are a laboratory feature of such aseptic inflammation. The filamentous forms of NETs have been detected only in those patients who have a history of mild to severe СOVID-19, while the filamentous forms of METs have been found in patients having a history of severe infection. The findings show that the detection of the filamentous forms of NETs and METs in blood is the most informative diagnostic feature of post-COVID syndrome.
ABSTRACT
The article discusses clinical case of a new coronavirus infection in a patient with a severe course of Crohn's disease (CD) in a long anamnesis. The issues of the complexity of diagnosing Crohn's disease in an atypical course (gastroduodenal form), the algorithm for selecting basic therapy for a severe course of the disease are considered. The second problem in the article is the tactics of managing patients with COVID-19 against the background of combined basic immunosuppressive therapy for autoimmune diseases. © 2022 Global Media Technologies. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Literature data on the impact of the new coronavirus infection SARS-CoV-2 on hemostatic system, neutrophil traps, cardiovascular, nervous system and gastrointestinal tract are analyzed. It was shown that further study of the processes following SARS-CoV-2 in-fection is required taking into account individual characteristics of each patient and multiple organ lesion in post-COVID period. Management of patients with mitochondrial, antioxidant therapy with phosphocreatine, meldonium, probiotic zakofalk and interval hypoxic-hyperoxytherapy in post-COVID period is presented. © 2022, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Objective. To describe COVID-19 influence on gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) exacerbation using clinical case. Main points. COVID-19 infection remains an urgent problem for modern medicine due to its high contagiousness and rapid dis-tribution among the working population. We presented a clinical case of a 49-year-old female patient with respiratory complaints and extraesophageal manifestations of GERD. Conclusion. This clinical case showed that clinicians should consider various mechanisms of respiratory symptoms, which becomes exceptionally relevant during the COVID-19 pandemic. The development of atypical symptoms in a patient of working age without concomitant pathology causes difficulties in early diagnosis and timely treatment, in contrast to comorbid elderly and senile patients. Several mechanisms led to an exacerbation of GERD with the development of wheezing. Therefore, a clinician should meticulously take a medical history, form a trusting relationship with a patient, detect and correct early signs of anxiety and depression with a multidisciplinary team. © 2021, Media Sphera Publishing Group. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has proven to be a major global public health crisis, as evidenced by the steady increase in re-infected patients. In spite of the fight against this infection going on for more than a year, the unpredictable consequences of COVID-19, with or without concomitant chronic diseases, are still insufficiently studied, which undoubtedly is an additional burden on the outpatient health care unit. This article is a review of the available modern literature on the features of the course and duration of the post-COVID period. More than fifteen studies have been analyzed, in which the authors evaluated the incidence of symptoms in post-COVID period and its clinical characteristics.
ABSTRACT
The variety of dermatological manifestations in patients with the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19, the incidence of which depends on concomitant pathology and the characteristics of drug treatment, and their characteristics are similar to those that occur with conventional viral infections is discussed. At the present time it is proposed to distinguish several groups depending on the cause and mechanism of development: angiitis of the skin;papulo-squamous rash and pink lichen;measles rash and infectious erythema;papulo-vesicular rash;toxidermia;urticarial eruptions and artifical lesions. The variety of the clinical picture of the skin manifestations of coronavirus infection requires in-depth analysis in order to interpret correctly the skin lesions and other infectious exanthema and dermatoses in patients with COVID-19.
ABSTRACT
Acute viral respiratory infections can increase the risk of progression of a pre-existing condition, including a cardiovascular pathology. Life-threatening complications of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) necessitate research into the cardiovascular effects of COVID-19 crucial for developing adequate treatment strategy for infected patients, especially those of advanced age. This article reviews the literature on the clinical and functional characteristics of patients with COVID-19, including those with poor outcomes. The article looks at the pathophysiological processes occurring in the cardiovascular system in the setting of SARS-CoV-2 infection, risk factors and death predictors. It also discusses continuation of therapy with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers in patients with COVID-19.